The Charlotte News

Friday, September 9, 1949

THREE EDITORIALS

Site Ed. Note: The front page reports that in the financial conference ongoing in Washington between the U.S., Britain, and Canada, Britain appeared to receive assurances of limited help from the U.S. to relieve its dollar-gold reserve shortage, but long-range aid appeared slow to develop, requiring Congressional approval on several matters. It was considered possible that the conference would end the following week without any decisive agreement on specific steps to alleviate the British crisis.

The specially combined Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services Committees approved a 1.3 billion dollar arms aid bill, one billion of which was for Western European members of NATO, half in cash and half in authority to let contracts, plus 75 million earmarked for the Far East, with the President having full discretion over distribution of the latter amount. Only 100 million of the NATO money could be spent before the European members formed a defense council to recommend a defense plan. The remainder of the aid would go to Greece, Turkey, Iran, the Philippines, and Korea. Senators Walter George, Richard Russell and Harry F. Byrd were the only Democrats to oppose the billion-dollar aid to Western Europe.

Senator Elmer Thomas of Oklahoma said that oil imports were giving fat profits to a half dozen oil companies without benefiting either the citizens at home or abroad. He wanted the Senate to amend the House-approved Reciprocal Trade Agreements bill to limit oil imports to five percent of domestic needs.

The Navy court of inquiry continued regarding the memo drafted by Cedric Worth, assistant to the Undersecretary of the Navy, leading to a House Armed Services Committee investigation, subsequently dropped, regarding alleged improprieties in the contracting for the B-36 long-range strategic bomber. The effort was to discover whether any Navy personnel assisted Mr. Worth, a civilian employee, in drafting the memo. A Navy lieutenant testified that Representative C. B. Deane of North Carolina had asked for a memorandum of information on national defense, leading to the Worth memo. The lieutenant had been accused by Representative Carl Vinson, chairman of the Committee, of "peddling" the memo, which the lieutenant denied, saying he had never been in possession of it.

In Moscow, diplomatic observers stated that Russia might quit the U.N. if a move by Argentina succeeded to eliminate the veto power of the Big Five permanent members of the Security Council. Argentina was planning to make the motion when the U.N. again met in session starting September 20.

In Camden, N.J., Howard Unruh, arrested Tuesday for the massacre of twelve people and wounding of four others, one of whom had subsequently died, had threatened his mother with a wrench a few minutes before beginning his twenty minute rampage along the street where he lived. His mother, who was unharmed, told her brother of the incident, who then related it to a reporter. She was still present in his apartment when he began the shooting spree, starting with his next door neighbors with whom he had an argument over crossing their yard, killing three members of the family. The incident at the time was the worst mass killing in U.S. history.

One of the wounded survivors, 16, said that he wanted Mr. Unruh to receive a fair trial. Mr. Unruh had been taken to an asylum in Trenton. He would eventually be found insane and would remain institutionalized the remainder of his life, until 2009 when he died at age 88.

Service on the Missouri Pacific Railroad came to a virtual halt after the beginning of a strike which left 30,000 workers idle. The railroad normally carried about 12,000 passengers daily.

In Buffalo, N.Y., peaceful picketing resumed this date at the Bell Aircraft plant as Governor Dewey and a state mediator sought to avert future violence following two straight days of violence, in which 28 had been injured in a melee between strikers and non-strikers in the thirteen-week old strike.

In Chicago, a Roxboro, North Carolina, farmer was held without charge for allegedly swindling money from eighteen women in the Chicago area during the previous two years, including three in the previous six months. In one case, according to police, he had invited a woman to his Loop hotel room where he admired her ring and asked to borrow it so he could have a duplicate made for his mother. When he had proposed to the woman, she gave him the ring and $123. He then pawned the $450 ring for $65.

In Wake Forest, N.C., a 29-year old, armed bandit from Inspiration, Arizona, made off with about $8,500 from a branch of the Durham Bank & Trust Co., but was captured by police before he could spend any of the loot, arrested on the outskirts of Raleigh, in Youngsville, less than an hour after the robbery, four miles away from the bank. The female bank teller had been alone in the branch when the robber entered, held a pistol on her, demanding the money on threat that otherwise he would blow her brains out.

In Charlotte, Carl A. Rudisill, 65, founder and president of Carlton Yarn Mills of Cherryville, died this date in a hospital following several weeks of illness. He had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage five years earlier but had partially recovered. He was nationally known as an outstanding liberal among textile industry management, expressing concern for the welfare of his employees. He had been a liberal benefactor of religious and educational institutions, particularly Lenoir-Rhyne College, of which he was a member of the board of trustees, a position he also held at N.C. State and UNC. He had been a member of the North Carolina House from 1937-41.

In New York, Champion Spark Plugs heiress, Mrs. Marcia Stranahan Idris, was to be married the following week to Prince Youka Troubetskoy of Lithuania, brother-in-law of Woolworth heiress Barbara Hutton.

In Atlantic City, all of the preliminary winners thus far in the Miss America talent and bathing suit competitions had been from west of the Mississippi. Miss Colorado, Sylvia Canaday, Miss Arizona, Jacque Mercer, and Miss California, Jone Ann Pederson, won the bathing suit preliminary competition during the previous two nights.

The preliminary winners are also provided in the talent competition, in which Miss Montana had appeared astride her nine-year old mare in a display of horsemanship, then showing a short color film of herself riding. She did not, however, place in that part of the competition. Unless she were to reach the finals, it had been determined by officials, there would be no other animals allowed in future Miss America pageants.

On the sports page, sports editor Furman Bisher begins his look at the upcoming football prospects of the Southern Conference members in the Carolinas, starting with Wake Forest and its crop of talented sophomores. Duke would follow on Saturday.

On the editorial page, "Tariff Agreements Essential" finds that at the heart of the financial talks in Washington between the U.S., Britain, and Canada was world trade, not so much the British dollar-gold reserve shortage. Thus, it was not surprising that the President had chosen the present time to fight for strengthening and further extension of the Reciprocal Trade Act, which had expired at the end of June, having been extended by the previous Congress for only a year, and weakened in the process.

For decades, the Democrats had favored lower tariffs while the Republicans had favored higher tariffs. Since the initial passage of the Act in 1934, the emphasis of the Democrats had been on reciprocal agreements with individual foreign nations, providing the President wide latitude in adjusting tariffs to encourage free trade.

The previous Congress had limited the President's power by requiring him to explain to Congress why he had cut any tariffs below certain levels established by the Federal Tariff Commission.

The Democrats in 1948, as a part of their platform, had pledged to restore the Act as formulated originally in 1934. The Republicans expressed only general support for reciprocal trade agreements.

The House had approved renewal of the Act until June, 1951, with the President's power restored. The bill was presently before the Senate, where it should pass.

The piece says that it was essential that it be passed as the U.S. could not continue to be a leader in export trade unless foreign nations could export to the U.S. and thereby obtain U.S. dollars with which to buy U.S. exports. The only alternative would be to continue loans and grants to foreign nations to subsidize their trade with the U.S. It finds therefore that the Senate action would largely determine world trade for the ensuing three years.

"Words and Politics" discusses James Marlow's defining of "statism" in his piece of the prior Wednesday, after it had been bantered about by General Eisenhower and Senators Homer Capehart and Styles Bridges as something promoted by the Administration and to be avoided, a claim being denied by Senator Claude Pepper and charged as a "scare word" by the President. Yet, its actual definition was merely that of a representative state, the antithesis of Communism or the Soviet state.

It suggests that since the word had not been used regularly in some time, it was subject to a new definition. But whether the Republicans running on it as an issue would be effective remained to be seen. Many believed that the only way for the Republicans to win was to abandon conservatism and make the same promises as the President but assuring greater efficiency in accomplishment. Others wanted a clear-cut battle between the two philosophies of governance as a break from the previous three "me-too" Republican campaigns of Wendell Willie in 1940 and Thomas Dewey in 1944 and 1948.

It suggests that there was a third course, down the middle, as proposed by General Eisenhower when speaking to the American Bar Association during the week in St. Louis—also discussed by Marquis Childs this date. It finds that a lot of Americans would prefer this approach over being on either flank, left or right.

"Lehman vs. Dulles" discusses the upcoming special New York Senate election between former Governor Herbert Lehman and Senator John Foster Dulles, appointed by Governor Dewey to the seat vacated by retiring Robert Wagner earlier in the year—not by Senator Wagner's death, as the piece erroneously states. Senator Dulles had not intended to run for the seat when appointed but the GOP had convinced him to be the nominee. As a central part of his campaign, he had pledged to fight against "statism".

It finds that no matter which candidate would win, however, the people of New York and the United States would be well represented.

Former Governor Lehman would be elected.

A piece from the McDowell News, titled "It Won't Be Long Now", discusses the refreshing thoughts of the approach of autumn and after it, winter, as the temperature continued to climb high in McDowell County.

Dick Young of The News, in the second of a series of four articles on State Government, again tells of the Governor wielding such power over the State's purse strings as to have ultimate say in who would be fired or retained in State Government. State employees, most of whom were career personnel with no interest in politics, wanted better job security and so it had been suggested that a merit system, though flawed, be set up such that a standard test and interview would be undertaken to hire and determine promotions, with a review process in place in the event of termination for cause.

Drew Pearson tells of having stood in 1921 in Sarajevo on the spot where in 1914 the first attempt was made to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary with a bomb thrown at his vehicle, the spark which lit the fuse for World War I. A crack in the pavement still remained at the time and he thought to himself that postwar repairs in the Balkans were slow, but that no further war would ever come to the region.

Now, with Russia bearing down on Yugoslavia because of Tito's resistance to Moscow and warming up to the West, war again could be touched off in the same area.

There were three phases to the situation in the Balkans, one set forth in Washington, another in Yugoslavia and a third in the Soviet satellites. That in Washington was a de facto boycott of trade with Soviet satellites Poland and Czechoslovakia, as the State Department and the Commerce Department gave them the run-around on export licenses for several million dollars worth of goods they had purchased in the U.S.

Within the satellites themselves, Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Rumania, people had money but there was nothing to buy, partly because of the U.S. boycott. Farmers were revolting against collectivization of farms. The people generally did not like their Russian masters. Tito, formerly trained by the Soviet secret police, was using the same tactics within Czechoslovakia, Rumania, and Bulgaria, financed with money he had stored in Portugal, to undermine Soviet influence.

Once disliked by the Serbs, Tito was now their hero as he opposed farm collectivization. His popularity at home had never been greater. Moscow had sought several times to remove him by assassination, but did not wish to risk open warfare with Yugoslavia. If Tito, however, pushed back on Russia too hard, it might have no choice.

U.S. military experts believed that Tito could hold out three months against the Russian forces in the event of attack. The U.S. had enough arms for four divisions stored on British Malta, capable of being rushed to Yugoslavia.

The U.S. worried that if Yugoslavia fell, then so would Greece, as the recent inroads made by the Greek Army against the guerrillas had been immensely aided by Tito having cut off guerrilla supplies by closing the Yugoslav border with Greece. If Greece were to fall to the Communists, then so would Turkey, the Suez Canal, and Near Eastern oil areas, plus North Africa. Thus, the U.S. steel rolling mill sold to Yugoslavia had been approved for shipment, along with provision of an American loan. Tito was the only European leader who had stood up to Moscow and gotten away with it. Helping him, however, ran a calculated risk of embroiling the U.S. in a war.

Marquis Childs discusses General Dwight Eisenhower having met in Colorado recently with a group of prominent Republicans who told him that he was favored for the GOP nomination in 1952, provided he would not run an active political campaign taking positions on issues but would instead be nominated as a war hero and then set forth his positions after taking office. General Eisenhower did not like this proposition and told them that he would continue to set forth his political position in the center of the political spectrum, between the liberalism of President Truman and the conservatism of Senator Robert Taft of Ohio.

Senator Taft had opposed NATO and was opposing military aid for the Western European members, positions which were abhorrent to General Eisenhower who understood the dangers of retreating to isolationism. He had expressed recently at the Blair House secret conference on the issue of sharing atomic information with Britain his dismay at the expressed notion that Britain was not a trusted ally worthy of sharing this information.

Along with this primary concern regarding Republican isolationism, General Eisenhower also was concerned over an irrevocable cleavage between political extremes which would split America along class and alien lines. Mr. Childs suggests that if the contest were moving in that direction by 1952, General Eisenhower likely would feel duty-bound to enter the race as a moderate candidate, formidable in that position.

Robert C. Ruark tells of having remained in New York over Labor Day weekend and finding the city peaceful and friendly for a change. The rudeness of bus drivers and cab drivers had subsided. Smiles replaced frowns on the faces of the people. The general surliness of the city, which had been especially prevalent in recent months, had disappeared.

He leisurely took in an old double feature at the movie house, the Marx brothers' "A Night at the Opera" and Noel Coward's "The Scoundrel", plus Errol Flynn's "Robin Hood" and some W. C. Fields films, all of which he had enjoyed.

He then went to the penny arcade and to the zoo in Central Park, had a good time.

The tv reception behaved for a change and the radio played nice music.

He abandoned the troubles of the world, such that "all the din and denunciation which has daily assailed us since the war seemed hazy and unimportant."

He concludes by saying that he felt a little sorry for the people who left town for the weekend, as he doubted it could have been topped.

A letter writer wants more attention paid to provision of psychiatric care to the destitute in society and how to prevent such degeneration, through education in schools regarding alcohol as a social problem and its deleterious effects on physical and mental health. She believes that starting in adolescence with such instruction could prevent persons from falling into patterns which resulted in alcoholism later.

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