Friday, September 28, 1945

The Charlotte News

Friday, September 28, 1945

FOUR EDITORIALS

Site Ed. Note: The front page reports that the number of the nation's idle workers had risen to two million, the latest strike involving 62,000 textile workers at 284 print and dye plants in nine Eastern states, including 6,000 in Paterson, N.J. where the strike began. The national union had, however, issued a back-to-work directive to the print and dye workers. The strike stretched from plants in South Carolina all the way up the Eastern seaboard. It could impact a half million workers in the textile industry were it to continue.

The actual number of workers on strike in the country now stood at half a million, with another 1.5 million impacted by the elevator strike in New York. In the Empire State Building, only about a 1,000 of the usual 15,000 daily workers were at their jobs, most below the 10th floor. In the lobby, refuse had accumulated ankle deep as the strike also involved building service personnel, including cleaning and maintenance crews.

In Japan, General MacArthur ordered the Eighth Army to arrest 34 Japanese officers and others suspected of participation in the massacre of a hundred Allied prisoners, many American, on Palawan in the Philippines on December 11, 1944. The prisoners had been herded into an air raid shelter and buckets of gasoline and lighted torches tossed in on them. Those few escaping were shot down by machinegun fire or killed by hand grenades or bayonets.

General MacArthur also issued permission for Japan to produce certain goods in limited quantities, including trucks but not cars, textiles, provided there was no silk utilized. He denied permission to reopen the stock exchange.

Leaders of labor met in Japan to re-form unions in the midst of a socialistic labor movement in the country. None of the labor groups favored capitalistic democracy.

Transportation was thought to be available for 1.49 million men from the Pacific to return home to the United States during the ensuing seven months.

In Brussels, the bodies of 240 Belgian underground members, victims of Nazi atrocities, were exhumed and all but nineteen identified.

Rita Zucca, known during the war as "Axis Sally", a Tokyo Rose type broadcaster to Allied troops in Italy, was slated to go on trial in Rome beginning the following day for trading intelligence with the enemy. Ms. Zucca was a native of New York but had obtained Italian citizenship.

President Truman issued an executive order proclaiming United States jurisdiction over offshore oil resources within the territorial limits of the country. The states had previously been asserting jurisdiction over these oil reserves and issuing leases to oil companies, especially off the coast of California.

The President appointed J. Howard McGrath of Rhode Island as the new Solicitor-General to succeed Charles Fahy. Georgia Governor Ellis Arnall had been offered the position, as reported by Drew Pearson, but had turned it down.

The Administration warned the Argentine Government that its detention of newspaper editors and censorship of radio and the press would have a profound adverse impact on public opinion in the United States.

General A.A. Vandergrift, Commandant of the Marine Corps, told the House Naval Committee that he recommended a 60,000-man Marine minute-man type force to be deployed anywhere in the world to quell disturbances and re-establish the peace when necessary. It would represent about three-fifths of the recommended total complement of post-war Marines, 100,000 enlisted men and 9,200 officers.

Two airline carriers, Commonwealth and Pennsylvania Central, had been awarded east-west routes into Charlotte by the Civil Aeronautics Board, though still subject to further hearings.

Former war products manufacturers had turned to production of gadgetry as a stopgap measure until full production of regular goods could continue apace. Non-slip shoelaces, potato peelers, musical alarm clocks, and special holders for the ears of dogs or dog ears, it being unclear the nature of that one, were all now being manufactured in limited quantities.

Charlotte stores would begin on Monday opening at 9:00 a.m. and closing at 5:30 instead of opening at 9:30 and closing at 6:00 as during the war when War Time, the equivalent of Daylight Savings Time, was in effect nationwide.

Get your Christmas shopping done before 5:30.

For it will be, pert near, another 14 year, before the Charlottetown Mall will open—across the street from which, in 1963, one day, during a picnic up in the mountains with our ma and her cousin, Belle, we saw a mad, mad, mad, mad world unfold before our eyes, a few months after, at the same locale, we had said bye-bye to the birdies.

In Easton, Pa., a young woman, age 20, rushed into her home, shouting: "He chased me. A huge man—with a cap on, with whiskers and a long black coat."

Well, we know what happened to Goldilocks...

On the editorial page, "Parting Seams" comments on the difficulty with which the United Nations were getting along now that the war was won. While still united on basic principles, the devil was proving to be in the details, as demonstrated at the Foreign Ministers Conference in London where there was failure to reach any accord on the peace in Europe. The Balkans was a source of stalemate, as was the fate of Trieste and the colonies in Africa.

Yet, matters could have been worse. The war might have dragged on and depleted the resources of the United States by its end. But attempts at reconstruction might prove in vain, as the making of the peace would be a crazy quilt of compromise and expediency.

"Now or Never" comments on the series of articles the previous week by Pete McKnight regarding the future of Charlotte aviation and its importance to the growth of a modern community. The new age of aviation would see pronounced population shifts in its wake. So, if Winston-Salem and Greensboro obtained routes to the West which Charlotte did not get, then Charlotte might come a cropper in the new age. At present, there were no east-west routes from Charlotte, and travelers going west had first to fly to Atlanta.

"Fight for All" advocates establishment of a center where muscular dystrophy cases could be treated and investigated. Though the incidence of the disease was rare, with only one known case at the time in Charlotte, it was such a crippling disease as to warrant the attention of the nation to try to be rid of it.

"An Encore" suggests that the state of siege in Argentina was little different from the state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy a decade or so earlier. Yet, the country paid little attention to this potential hotbed of violence and corruption of the democratic processes.

The Argentine cynically claimed that its suspension of civil liberties would enable free elections to occur.

While Argentina's internal conditions were no more the business of the country than were those of Germany in the 1930's, its instability was a threat to the security of the entire hemisphere. It would be ignored to the lasting peril of the United States.

The excerpt from the Congressional Record has Representative Clare Boothe Luce of Connecticut commenting on the atomic bomb and what she considers uninformed discussion of it by a Minnesota Representative the previous week. The unnamed Congressman had stated that, with the lack of expertise on the bomb evident in Congress, members should refrain from discussing it.

It was this statement which she found to be without basis, that, to the contrary, Congress was exceptionally knowledgeable of the bomb in terms of its capabilities and results. She believed that the construction of air raid shelters and factories underground was a logical reaction to the bomb's capabilities.

Congressman Harold Knutson of Minnesota responds that he agrees with Ms. Luce, states that she had a masculine mind in this regard, and wonders of the identity of the Representative from Minnesota to whom she referred.

She responds that it was Mr. Gallagher, but rejects the compliment, saying that "thought has no sex". "One either thinks or one does not."

Mr. Knutson insisted that Ms. Luce keep the compliment.

The problem with Ms. Luce and others like her, with their heads restricted by the surrounding sand and salt-sea air, was that she could not discern the difference between what she termed "thought" and merely forming pretty words delivered in dramatic fashion for the sake of putting forth a political position based on emotion, attempting to appeal to dunderpates and their petty fears and frustrations, responsive always to the rhetoric of emotion and fear-mongering, to get herself and her like-minded friends elected again and again.

That is not thought, except in the most rudimentary and Machiavellian sense of the word. It is rather more scheming to get ahead. And, of course, her ilk still abounds.

Drew Pearson comments on Congressman Andrew May of Kentucky and other Congressmen following the routine of sending G.I. mail to a War Department staff of 400 WAC's who then answered each piece with form letters, all in aid of the election campaigns of the Congressmen. The War Department liked the policy because it enabled them to make friends with Congress and, at the same time, see who the troublemakers were among the members. The WAC's were less than fond of it because it did not fall within their expected duties and often forced them to write letters for members whom they did not like or support. And, meanwhile, civilians were being laid off by the War Department.

He next comments on the House approval the previous week to provide to state jurisdiction the offshore oil reserves, rendering moot an appeal to the Supreme Court by the states on the issue, should it also pass the Senate.

It would be political dynamite for the President, says Mr. Pearson, because former treasurer of the Democratic National Committee and the man who helped nominate Mr. Truman as vice-president at the 1944 convention, Ed Pauley, derived a large portion of his income from leased oil lands off California.

Nevertheless, as indicated on the front page of this date, the President had acted decisively and declared that the oil lands were under Federal control. The Senate was still to be heard on the bill to give jurisdiction to the states.

He discloses among his Capital Chaff items that the joint Committee on Pearl Harbor wanted to ask Thomas Dewey where he obtained during the 1944 campaign the information, recently disclosed, that the United States had broken the Japanese code. If it had been a military officer, he would be subject to court-martial.

All in all, it was just another under-freighted Republican load.

Marquis Childs, still writing from Louisville, finds the Kentucky State Constitution so antiquated that it required every officeholder to swear an oath that he had not participated in a duel or acted as a second. Another provision limited salaries to $5,000 per annum. The citizens sought to be rid of these anachronistic conventions but were finding the going difficult against a tide of preservationist sentiment.

The vice-president of the Kentucky Committee, advancing the ideas for revision, H. Fred Willkie, brother of Wendell, opposed Federal aid to education and vocational training in the public schools, each of which positions was controversial with those attending the committee's meeting.

But Mr. Willkie was also progressive, offered employees of his factory cultural courses in art, philosophy, and music, as part of their weekly hours if they opted for a 46.5-hour week, the extra 6.5 being for classes and study.

In Kentucky, the horse breeders wanted England to abolish its Jersey Act which forbade the breeding of English stock with any American stock, perceived by Kentuckians as a slur on their horse flesh.

Mr. Childs suggests that one had to remove from Washington to find some of the peculiar ideas and peeves indigenous to particular sections of the country.

Samuel Grafton comments on the back-to-normalcy policy being followed with alacrity by the country, as fuel oil and substantial parts of food rationing had ended right after V-J Day. It was done despite the fact that the country had never gone hungry or cold during the war.

There were surpluses in meat, cheese, canned milk, butter, and other foodstuffs at the end of the war. The decision was between putting these surpluses to use at home or sending them to Europe where they were desperately needed. The former had won out.

"Back to normalcy" had been employed by Warren G. Harding from 1921 when he became President, and it was a policy much reviled and discredited. While not wishing to use the tired slogan, the country nevertheless, in substance, was backtracking toward that policy.

Demobilization was taking place so fast in Europe that the American occupation of Berlin was being compromised. The Nuremberg trials were impacted by the demobilization of interpreters and translators. The same was true in Japan, as General MacArthur had been motivated by the forces favoring normalcy to pronounce that the end of occupation might come within a year under favorable conditions, and that troop strength could be reduced to 200,000 after six months. And the Army was being assigned tasks, political in nature, for which it was ill-equipped to perform.

Mr. Grafton stresses that he intends only to underscore this tendency of back to normalcy in the face of the harsh lessons wrought by that same tendency during the 1920's. If the country allowed isolationism again to pervade as it had after World War I, the same tragic consequences would inevitably occur from it: another war.

A letter writer suggests, among other things, that, to avoid inflation in clothing prices, men be allowed to wear only their underwear to work, beneath a long coat and a muffler wrapped around their neck.

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