Saturday, December 22, 1945

The Charlotte News

Saturday, December 22, 1945

THREE EDITORIALS

Site Ed. Note: The front page reports—in what is probably the skimpiest front page of fresh news since before the war had begun, most of its meat having been already presented in the previous day or two—that the U.N. Preparatory Commission meeting in London had eliminated the Western United States as a locus for the U.N. and established that it would be somewhere in the Eastern section, eliminating San Francisco, Denver, and St. Louis. The Eastern U.S. had been favored by the Russians, Britons, and Southeastern Europeans. San Francisco had been favored as the site by the Australians and New Zealanders. The vote against the Western locus was 22 to six with twelve abstentions, and for the Eastern site, 25 to five with ten abstentions. The various nations voting yea and nay are listed.

The foreign ministers conference in Moscow was being speeded up with increased duration of sessions during this day and the day before. The nature of the discussions remained secret from the press.

General Patton was to be laid to rest in Luxembourg on Monday with 6,000 of his Third Army troops who had fallen the year before during the Battle of the Bulge. Funeral services would be held in Heidelberg at 3:00 p.m. Sunday. Both the Third and Seventh Armies would arrange the funeral. Six hundred men would constitute an honor guard, chosen from among the First and Ninth Infantry Divisions who had served under General Patton in Tunisia and Sicily in 1943. The ten distinguished generals and two colonels who would serve as pallbearers are listed. They included Lt. General Lucian Truscott.

It should not go unnoticed that actor Charles Durning, who fought in the Battle of the Bulge, and who entertained us in usually supporting, but memorable, roles, sometimes stealing the screen from the principals, passed away today at age 89.

Incidentally, still on the subject of General Patton, if you are one of those who takes serious issues with "language" in this scene we reference with Mr. Durning, while being oblivious to the arms present, then you need to take serious stock of your movie-going values and perhaps your values generally. If you are really so unbelievably naive as to think that children may be shielded from "language" without forcing them to live in a cave or in remote portions of the country, you need to contemplate the realities of life and your own childhood. And if you have coupled your fear of language with the desire to have a gun present in your home, then you are seriously way over the line, as much as Sonny was in the real event on which the exceptional film referenced was based. But, of course, it is your choice as to what you wish to censor privately, as long as you do not seek at gunpoint, by legislation, or otherwise to extend that enforcement upon others, thus limiting the First Amendment.

And Senator Daniel Inouye of Hawaii passed away last week at age 88, having been critically wounded April 21, 1945 while saving his fellow soldiers from sure death while beating back enemy positions in Italy as part of the famed 442nd Regimental Combat Team, an all Japanese-American unit. Senator Inouye served in the Senate from 1963 and, while accomplishing many other things in his long Senate career, served with memorable distinction as a member of the Senate Select Committee investigating Watergate in the spring and summer of 1973, the investigation which ultimately adduced the evidence leading to the vote of Articles of Impeachment by the House against President Nixon in latter July, 1974, prompting his resignation, effective August 9.

All ships in the Pacific were warned against floating mines, dumped in the closing days of the war by the Japanese.

The Christmas menu is provided for American soldiers in Japan, including 1.5 million pounds of dressed turkey.

A cold weekend was predicted for the country, in continuance of the cold weather trend of the previous week.

In Chicago, a man had slipped and fallen on ice, saying that he had broken his leg. Generating sympathy from passersby who were amazed at his grit and non-grimacing courage in the face of such an obvious calamity—as broken it obviously was, and how.

Police were summoned but, amazingly, he refused hospitalization, saying instead that he only needed a ride home, and a carpenter. He had a false wooden leg.

In Los Angeles, Santa Claus dropped dead, or at least an impersonator of him, as he handed out gifts at a Christmas party.

Now, you know why we waited until the waning hours of Christmas Day to supply you with the day's news.

In Gallup, N.M., also on Route 66, Joe Crazy Horse, a Zuni Indian war chief and clown, died at age 90. He had been a popular performer at the Gallup Indian ceremonials, displaying a keen wit before his white audiences. Once, he had fled a hospital in a night shirt and showed up for a performance wearing same.

Perhaps, also with Juicy Fruit.

One more shopping day for Christmas. Be sure you have gotten everything, even if Boxing Day is almost upon us in 2012.

The penultimate day's count on the Empty Stocking Fund has it at $6,577.80, an increase of $372 since Friday.

On the editorial page, "The Union's Santa Claus", reports of $6,000 worth of gifts collected by Sunday school classes, student groups, stores, banks, the Fellowship of Southern Churches, in all 500 organizations across the state, for distribution to the children of the striking workers at four Erwin Mills textile villages in Durham, Erwin, Siler City, and Cooleemee.

The contribution had enabled the strike, ongoing since October 8, to continue, effectively lending therefore an endorsement to its end of eliminating the stretch-out system.

The piece takes some issue with the generosity, suggesting that it was unfortunate that Santa Claus was visiting these villages with a union card.

Bah, humbug.

"Taps for Georgie" comments on the death of General Patton, assessing him as having as many faults as virtues and a "political anachronism, impatient with the conflicting processes of representative government, lost when faced with the abstract." While a master as a field commander, he could not understand why he should not slap a soldier or two in Sicily.

He decried the Nazi claim of being "supermen" and insisted instead that the American Army would prove themselves deserving of the moniker.

It suggests that there was nothing ironic in the manner of his death, for it befit the always unexpected nature of General Patton's character—which is another way of saying that it was quite ironic, at least in the abstract.

The tragedy of his death was tempered by the knowledge that he had fulfilled his promise and mission, especially in relief of the 101st Airborne trapped at Bastogne a year earlier in the Battle of the Bulge. He had done so in a mere 24 hours, taking the Army and turning it onto the flank of the Germans after a prolonged winter march.

"And when he came up the road in his gaudy jeep, standing up with his usual scowl behind an array of dazzling stars, exhausted doughboys pulled themselves to their feet and saluted with tears running down their cheeks: old Georgie had come, they said, everything was going to be all right. The memory of their tears is his epitaph."

"Hauteur Is Hauteur" discusses the increasing strength of the unions, able to face off with the corporations while the Government in the present labor crisis had vacillated back and forth, first tending toward the position of labor, then industry, finally "spinning off into indecision."

While the unions were not yet saying "the public be damned", as had Commodore Vanderbilt during the previous century, they were becoming increasingly arrogant, in disregard of public opinion.

The new arrogance was evident in the manner UAW had rejected the Ford offer to compromise wage increases with a 12.4% or 15 cents per hour raise, which a union representative had scoffed as a "mockery". It was only another small step from that sort of scorn to that of Commodore Vanderbilt, especially as any wage increase they would receive would inevitably come from the consumer's pocketbook.

A piece from The Baltimore Evening Sun, titled "An Apple-Grower's Crusade", reminds, as had W. J. Cash in The Mind of the South, that Senator Harry Flood Byrd of Virginia was an apple-grower when not in the Senate. Recently, he had raised the fact in voting against an amendment to a bill which he said, as an apple-grower, he could not understand. The Senate followed him and rejected the amendment.

The piece suggests it as a lesson to lawyers in drafting proposed legislation, that it ought not be so complicated that legislators could not fathom it. "Lawyers," it opines, "in private life make their living by leading simple, clear-headed citizens through what Dr. Johnson called the 'anfractuosities' of mind of their colleagues in Government." To ask lawyers to be clear would be to condemn their profession to "a starveling existence as notaries public."

Nevertheless, while not desiring penury for lawyers, it wishes, for the sake of future clarity, Senator Byrd the best in his crusade.

We agree in heart, but, in mind, we must dissent. The public in reading all of the wherefores and aforesaids, even if much of that stilted language has been replaced by equal doses of obfuscation, do not always realize that it is the lot of the lawyer to draft documents, whether legislation, contracts, wills, what have you, with courts and precedent, statutes and statutory construction, firmly in mind, as well, in the case of legislation, Constitutional limits on the power of the legislative body. That is the chief reason for language which is often stabbed with the clear impressure of convolution, trying, as it does, to forecast as many challenges as possible to its frame, and meet those challenges at the river before the enemy can have a chance to forge it.

It is the lot of the lawyer that metaphors and analogies of a literary vein are verboten in these writings, for, as aforesaid, their very essence of being subject to varied interpretations, thus assuring lack of clarity for want of clarifying metaphor.

Well, wouldn't "the party of the first part..." make much better sense as "the omniscient sawyer who will now construct the fence against the unseeing sawn painter"?

For even language stripped of all conceivable poetic nuance cannot be assured of freedom from someone's interpretation completely converse to the originally intended meaning, assuming there ever was a meeting of the minds ab initio, whether explicit or implicit, sub silentio by the logical premises from which derive the consideration for the agreement, that is, a bargain for some benefit or refrain for some benefit or refrain. Thus, the language comes out seemingly designed to trip the average reader into the chasm of incomprehension.

Which is why a large part of the Law School Admission Test examines the ability to read and comprehend written language, rather than one's specific knowledge of anything in particular, beyond the meaning of words, the study of philosophy, therefore, being particularly attuned to preparation for the study of the law. Just ask Thomas Jefferson.

In any event, bear it in mind. It is why our legal analyses sometimes might appear somewhat entangled in unnecessary verbiage, though we try to avoid the esoterica which might be only understood by practitioners of the legal profession.

That said, it is quite true that many lawyers cannot write, and some, quite obviously, cannot read.

They could, if they paid their dues, join the apple-pickers' union on Boss Byrd's farm and see what it is like.

Drew Pearson follows up on his previous reports on the sale in 1939 by Douglas Aircraft of the DC-4 to Japan, despite Secretary of State Hull's policy enunciation at the time asking that American companies not make such sales. Douglas was busy denying that they had done anything wrong, claiming that the sale was even urged by the State and War Departments.

Mr. Pearson posits that the conflict was not just between his column and Douglas Aircraft but, moreover, impacted how wars were fomented, in derogation of Government policy.

He had believed Donald Douglas in July, 1938, when he emphatically, but falsely, denied that he was selling the blueprints for the airplane to Japan. Having lied then, he was no longer entitled presently to belief on the subject. He had lied to protect his company from public backlash in the face of the condemnation of such sales by Mr. Hull.

The documents Mr. Pearson had obtained showed that the DC-3 had also been sold to the Japanese and that Mr. Douglas was anxious to perform all sorts of favors pursuant to the deal.

He presents a letter dated May 12, 1938 from the vice-president of the company, later, as he had pointed out previously, becoming a major general in the Army Air Forces, showing that the Japanese were receiving confidential information which would allow them to manufacture U.S. planes in Japanese plants. The letter provided, on request, detail to the Japanese of the number of man-hours necessary to construct a DC-3, to enable the Japanese to set up their own line of production, requesting in the process that they hold the information in confidence, stating that it was not usual to disclose the data.

Another letter, dated August 21, 1939, provides hints on what supplies the Japanese should purchase along with the DC-4, recommending especially a pair of Pratt-Whitney engines.

Mr. Pearson promises future revelations in the column regarding other companies profiteering prior to Pearl Harbor in sale of goods useful to the construction of a war machine.

Samuel Grafton states that the undeniable power of America was made clear when the House of Lords in Britain voted 90 to 8, with six hundred peers being absent and another hundred abstaining, to approve the 4.4 billion dollar loan from the United States, accepted, in other words, with thumb and index finger clasped firmly on either side of the nostrils.

It would take Britain 50 years to pay off the loan and in the meantime it would be forced to give up its preferential trade status within the Empire. The reason for the loan, as explained to the Peerage by Lord Keynes, who had been instrumental in arranging it, was that Britain had lost its status during the war as a creditor nation, a role passed to the United States. So it was to be expected that there would be resentment in the process.

It was no coincidence that the decision had just been made in London to set the U.N. headquarters in the United States.

It was good for the United States to recognize its place in the world, as many Americans were behaving and arguing as if they had suffered a defeat rather than victory.

Marquis Childs discusses the attempt to formulate policy on control of the atomic bomb, whether to retain it or surrender it to some international organization for control for peaceful purposes. It was known that bombs could be produced which were hundreds of times more powerful than those dropped on Japan in August.

The War Department eschewed the responsibility for continued production of the bomb. The destruction of Japan's cyclotrons by U.S. Army occupation personnel, stated later to have been through miscommunicated orders, was a case in point, showing this reluctance of the War Department to accept responsibility. The cyclotrons could have been used by the U.S. for its own research, being expensive to construct.

General Leslie Groves, Army head of the Manhattan Project, had advised Secretary of War Robert Patterson to order the destruction of the cyclotrons. He had told the Senate that the country should continue to produce bombs, sounding as if it would hearken an arms race. He had predicted, based on an admitted guess, that it would take ten years for other countries to catch up with the position already occupied by the United States in nuclear technology.

Mr. Childs asserts that the word of the atomic scientists should be regarded as posessing more authority than that of General Groves—their collective advice being generally to turn the bomb over to an international organization. Some interim form of control, he posits, should be adopted to alleviate the responsibility of the War Department.

The ongoing foreign ministers conference in Moscow, sure to involve discussion of the nuclear question with the Russians, therefore held great importance to the future of the world.

Dorothy Thompson discusses the President's proposed health care program, finding the hospital building part of it necessary and appropriate, along with the National Science Research proposals, as long as the latter were maintained under the control of competent medical scientists and not made subject to politics. Likewise, extension of maternal care and infant care was appropriate, as was disability insurance as part of unemployment compensation.

The part which she found objectionable—somewhat similar, though not at all identical, in nature to the part of the Obama Administration's health care program which was so controversial and has, in June, 2012, been upheld by the Supreme Court as Constitutional—was the proposed compulsory Federal insurance program paid through a tax of 4% on income up to $3,600. She believed it would lead to overpayment for inferior services and that the poor would pay for medical care of the wealthy. Only the bureaucrats, she asserts, would profit from the program, with two assigned to every physician.

She states that the program was of German origin under Bismarck, to prevent rebellion by tying the welfare of the people to the state. She believes that the people would be able to obtain better services on their own than through the Government.

She found the fact of the tax's regressive nature, that is no tax being assessed over $3,600 of income, being especially onerous. Moreover, the top tax, $144 on $3,600 of income, meant expensive services far beyond general need. Current cooperative health care plans in private industry covered only $60 per year up to $150.

In all, she finds the plan worthy of P.T. Barnum's well-known phrase about the rapid birth of suckers.

Of course, someone needs finally to say that, in the strictest sense, unless an infant is seriously deprived of its instincts, all of us are, quite naturally, suckers at birth.

That aside, we should stress that in 1945, medical care costs were miniscule compared to those of the present and those of the past three decades or so.

Thus, her reasoning can be fairly tossed out the window, regarding a plan ultimately quite different from the Obama plan, with which the country will shortly begin to test.

A letter writer, a Navy lieutenant, j.g., takes exception to "The Drys' Pyrrhic Victory" of November 28—misplacing the "h" of it being only his first mistake, "his" being referential of either "Eds.", the Devil in prints, or may-care not a whit—saying that while he was not a prohibitionist, he felt the editorial unfair, labeling sincere opponents of liquor as unenlightened. He found many of the wets to be unenlightened in their own right, ignoring the many problems in society resulting from alcohol consumption.

He had found the brewers' propaganda campaigns among the servicemen quite odious, and so took issue with the editorial's condemnation of the odor of the anti-liquor campaign.

He concludes by saying that once in awhile he had a cocktail himself, but that it was every person's right to choose to drink or not drink.

The editors reply that they would, with equal vigor, oppose any legislative attempt to interfere with the lieutenant's right not to drink, that the issue was their opposition to the effort to restrict a person's right to drink.

Incidentally, Jello congeals, in its gelatinous state, but does not coagulate, unless, perhaps, eggs are thrown into the mix. We conjugate verbs. We congregate in crowds. Goo-goo-goo-joob.

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